# JSON.TYPE

> Get JSON value type.

Use `JSON.TYPE` to find out the JSON type of the values a path selects.

The reply names one type per match, one of `object`, `array`, `string`, `integer`, `number`, `boolean`, or `null`, and is empty when the path matches nothing. Whole numbers report as `integer` and fractional ones as `number`. It is the way to inspect documents whose shape you do not control before applying type-specific commands, which would otherwise fail.

## Syntax

```redis
JSON.TYPE <key> [path]
```

## Arguments

| Argument | Required | Repeatable | Description |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| `key` | Yes | No | JSON document key. |
| `path` | No | No | Path to inspect; defaults to the root. |

## Important points

- Raw TCP examples pass JSON values as valid JSON text. Typed Upstash SDK helpers serialize native objects and values for you.
- Paths beginning with `$` use JSONPath and can match multiple values, so many JSON commands return an array of per-match results.

## Response

The reply reports the result of the operation. Error replies have the same shape in RESP2 and RESP3 and are surfaced as exceptions by the SDKs below.

| Protocol | Reply |
| --- | --- |
| RESP2 | Bulk string, array of bulk-string type names, or Null bulk string or null array |
| RESP3 | One-element array wrapping the bulk string, the array of bulk-string type names, or Null |

RESP3 adds one array level around the whole reply, matching upstream Redis. Where `JSON.TYPE doc $.a` replies `["string"]` under RESP2, it replies `[["string"]]` under RESP3, and the no-path form replies `"object"` under RESP2 and `["object"]` under RESP3.

<Note>
  Client libraries often decode bulk strings, maps, sets, and numeric strings into language-native values. The table describes the Redis wire reply.
</Note>

## Examples

TCP examples use the TLS `REDIS_URL` from the Upstash console. REST examples use `UPSTASH_REDIS_REST_URL` and `UPSTASH_REDIS_REST_TOKEN`.

<AccordionGroup>

<Accordion title="Redis CLI" icon="terminal">

```bash
JSON.TYPE profile $.name
```

</Accordion>

<Accordion title="@upstash/redis" icon="node-js" iconType="brands">

```ts
import { Redis } from "@upstash/redis";

const redis = Redis.fromEnv();

const myType = await redis.json.type("key", "$.path.to.value");
```

</Accordion>

<Accordion title="upstash_redis" icon="python" iconType="brands">

```python
from upstash_redis import Redis

redis = Redis.from_env()
result = redis.json().type("profile", "$.name")
print(result)
```

</Accordion>

<Accordion title="ioredis" icon="node-js" iconType="brands">

```ts
import Redis from "ioredis";

const redis = new Redis(process.env.REDIS_URL!);
const result = await redis.call("JSON.TYPE", "profile", "$.name");
console.log(result);
```

</Accordion>

<Accordion title="node-redis" icon="node-js" iconType="brands">

```ts
import { createClient } from "redis";

const client = await createClient({ url: process.env.REDIS_URL })
  .on("error", console.error)
  .connect();
const result = await client.json.type("profile", { path: "$.name" });
console.log(result);
```

</Accordion>

<Accordion title="redis-py" icon="python" iconType="brands">

```python
import os
import redis

client = redis.from_url(os.environ["REDIS_URL"])
result = client.json().type("profile", "$.name")
print(result)
```

</Accordion>

<Accordion title="go-redis" icon="golang" iconType="brands">

```go
package main

import (
    "context"
    "fmt"
    "os"

    "github.com/redis/go-redis/v9"
)

func main() {
    opts, err := redis.ParseURL(os.Getenv("REDIS_URL"))
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    client := redis.NewClient(opts)
    result, err := client.JSONType(context.Background(), "profile", "$.name").Result()
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    fmt.Println(result)
}
```

</Accordion>

<Accordion title="jedis" icon="java" iconType="brands">

```java
import java.net.URI;

import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPooled;

try (JedisPooled jedis = new JedisPooled(new URI(System.getenv("REDIS_URL")))) {
  Object result = jedis.jsonType("profile", new redis.clients.jedis.json.Path("$.name"));
  System.out.println(result);
}
```

</Accordion>

<Accordion title="redis-rs" icon="rust" iconType="brands">

```rust
use redis::JsonCommands;

fn main() -> redis::RedisResult<()> {
    let url = std::env::var("REDIS_URL").expect("REDIS_URL is not set");
    let client = redis::Client::open(url)?;
    let mut connection = client.get_connection()?;

    let result: redis::Value = connection.json_type("profile", "$.name")?;
    println!("{result:?}");
    Ok(())
}
```

</Accordion>

</AccordionGroup>