HPEXPIRE - Upstash Documentation

Use HPEXPIRE to give individual hash fields a lifetime in milliseconds, after which those fields are removed from the hash.

It is the millisecond form of HEXPIRE and behaves identically otherwise: expiration is per field, the hash survives as long as it has fields, and the key disappears when the last field expires. The finer precision matters for short-lived fields such as per-field locks or rate limit windows.

FIELDS <numfields> introduces the field list and the count must match. The optional condition applies the new lifetime only in certain cases: NX when the field has no expiration, XX when it already has one, GT when the new expiration is later than the current one, and LT when it is earlier. The reply holds one status code per field: 1 when set, 0 when the condition prevented it, 2 when the field was deleted immediately, and -2 when it does not exist.

Syntax#

HPEXPIRE <key> <milliseconds>  [NX | XX | GT | LT]  FIELDS <numfields> <field> [<field> ...]

Arguments#

Argument	Required	Repeatable	Description
`<key>`	Yes	No	Redis key targeted by the command.
`<milliseconds>`	Yes	No	Lifetime in milliseconds.
`(NX \| XX \| GT \| LT)`	No	No	Choose one form: `NX` (only when the field has no expiration); `XX` (only when the field already has one); `GT` (only when the new expiration is later than the current one); `LT` (only when it is earlier).
`FIELDS <numfields> <field> [<field> ...]`	Yes	No	Fields to target. Give the field count first, then that many field names.

Important points#

NX cannot be combined with XX, GT, or LT, and GT and LT cannot be used together.
A field with no expiration counts as an infinite one, so GT never sets an expiration on such a field and LT always does.

Response#

The reply reports the result of the operation. Error replies have the same shape in RESP2 and RESP3 and are surfaced as exceptions by the SDKs below.

Protocol	Reply
RESP2	Array of integer status codes, one per field
RESP3	Array of integer status codes, one per field

Note

Client libraries often decode bulk strings, maps, sets, and numeric strings into language-native values. The table describes the Redis wire reply.

Examples#

TCP examples use the TLS REDIS_URL from the Upstash console. REST examples use UPSTASH_REDIS_REST_URL and UPSTASH_REDIS_REST_TOKEN.

Redis CLI

HPEXPIRE my-key 1000 FIELDS 1 field

@upstash/redis

import { Redis } from "@upstash/redis";const redis = Redis.fromEnv();await redis.hset("my-key", "my-field", "my-value");const expirationSet = await redis.hpexpire("my-key", "my-field", 1000);console.log(expirationSet); // [1]

upstash_redis

from upstash_redis import Redisredis = Redis.from_env()result = redis.hpexpire("my-key", "field", 1000)print(result)

ioredis

import Redis from "ioredis";const redis = new Redis(process.env.REDIS_URL!);const result = await redis.hpexpire("my-key", "1000", "FIELDS", "1", "field");console.log(result);

node-redis

import { createClient } from "redis";const client = await createClient({ url: process.env.REDIS_URL })  .on("error", console.error)  .connect();const result = await client.hpExpire("my-key", "field", 1000);console.log(result);

redis-py

import osimport redisclient = redis.from_url(os.environ["REDIS_URL"])result = client.hpexpire("my-key", 1000, "field")print(result)

go-redis

package mainimport (    "context"    "fmt"    "os"    "github.com/redis/go-redis/v9")func main() {    opts, err := redis.ParseURL(os.Getenv("REDIS_URL"))    if err != nil {        panic(err)    }    client := redis.NewClient(opts)    result, err := client.HPExpire(context.Background(), "my-key", time.Second, "field").Result()    if err != nil {        panic(err)    }    fmt.Println(result)}

jedis

import java.net.URI;import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;try (Jedis jedis = new Jedis(new URI(System.getenv("REDIS_URL")))) {  Object result = jedis.hpexpire("my-key", 1000, "field");  System.out.println(result);}

redis-rs

use redis::TypedCommands;fn main() -> redis::RedisResult<()> {    let url = std::env::var("REDIS_URL").expect("REDIS_URL is not set");    let client = redis::Client::open(url)?;    let mut connection = client.get_connection()?;    let result = connection.hpexpire("my-key", 1000, redis::ExpireOption::NONE, &["field"])?;    println!("{result:?}");    Ok(())}